References August/Septemeber issue 182

UP FRONT – Editor’s column

  1. gov.uk. NHSX: new joint organisation for digital, data and technology. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/nhsx-new-joint-organisation-for-digital-data-and-technology
  2. gov.uk. Health Secretary announces £250 million investment in artificial intelligence. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/health-secretary-announces-250-million-investment-in-artificial-intelligence
  3. NHS England. Artificial Intelligence. https://transform.england.nhs.uk/information-governance/guidance/artificial-intelligence/
  4. Limketkai BN, Mauldin K, Manitius N et al (2021). The Age of Artificial Intelligence: Use of Digital Technology in Clinical Nutrition. Curr Surg Rep 9, 20 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40137-021-00297-3

MYTH BUSTING WITH MADI - PALEO DIET

  1. Masharani et al (2015). Metabolic and physiologic effects from consuming a hunter-gatherer (Palaeolithic)-type diet in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 69(8):944-8. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.39
  2. Mellberg et al (2014). Long-term effects of a Palaeolithic-type diet in obese postmenopausal women: a 2-year randomised trial. Eur J Clin Nutr.68(3):350-7. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.290
  3. Jönsson et al (2009). Beneficial effects of a Palaeolithic diet on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: a randomised cross-over pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 8:35. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-8-35
  4. Manheimer et al (2015). Palaeolithic nutrition for metabolic syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 102(4):922-32. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.113613
  5. de Menezes et al (2019). Influence of Palaeolithic diet on anthropometric markers in chronic diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr J. 18(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12937-019-0457-z
  6. Jamka et al (2020). The Effect of the Palaeolithic Diet vs. Healthy Diets on Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. J Clin Med. 9(2):296. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020296
  7. Liang et al (2022). Dietary Patterns and Non-Communicable Disease Biomarkers: A Network Meta-Analysis and Nutritional Geometry Approach. Nutrients. 15(1):76. doi: 10.3390/nu15010076
  8. Metzgar et al (2011). The feasibility of a Palaeolithic Diet for low-income consumers. Nutr Res. 31(6):444-51. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.05.008
  9. World Population Review. Lactose Intolerance by Country 2023. Available at: https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/lactose-intolerance-by-country

COVER STORY HEALTH TECH: WEIGHT LOSS APPS by Laura Kaar, RD

  1. Mobile Facts | Networks & Connectivity in the UK | Mobile UK
  2. The Health Survey for England 2021 https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/2021/health-survey-for-england-2021-data-tables
  3. Weight Management Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2022-2027 Weight Management Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2022-2027 (researchandmarkets.com)
  4. Laing BY, Mangione CM, Tseng CH, Leng M, Vaisberg E, Mahida M, Bholat M, Glazier E, Morisky DE, Bell DS. Effectiveness of a smartphone application for weight loss compared with usual care in overweight primary care patients: a randomised, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Nov 18;161(10 Suppl): S5-12. doi: 10.7326/M13-3005. PMID: 25402403; PMCID: PMC4422872
  5. Patel ML, Hopkins CM, Brooks TL, Bennett GG. Comparing Self-Monitoring Strategies for Weight Loss in a Smartphone App: Randomised Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Feb 28; 7(2):e12209. doi: 10.2196/12209. PMID: 30816851; PMCID: PMC6416539
  6. Islam M, Poly TN, Walther BA, (Jack) Li Y Use of Mobile Phone App Interventions to Promote Weight Loss: Meta-Analysis JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8(7):e17039 doi: 2196/17039 PMID: 32706724 PMCID: 7407260
  7. Flores Mateo G, Granado-Font E, Ferré-Grau C, Montaña-Carreras X Mobile Phone Apps to Promote Weight Loss and Increase Physical Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2015; 17(11):e253 URL: https://www.jmir.org/2015/11/e253 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.4836
  8. DiFilippo KN, Huang W-H, Andrade JE, Chapman-Novakofski KM. The use of mobile apps to improve nutrition outcomes: A systematic literature review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2015;21(5): 243-253. doi:1177/1357633X15572203
  9. Toro-Ramos T, Lee DH, Kim Y, Michaelides A, Oh TJ, Kim KM, Jang HC, Lim S. Effectiveness of a Smartphone Application for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome Components Focusing on Weight Loss: A Preliminary Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2017 Nov;15(9): 465-473. doi: 10.1089/met.2017.0062. Epub 2017 Oct 16. PMID: 29035677
  10. Hildebrandt T, Michaeledes A, Mayhew M, Greif R, Sysko R, Toro-Ramos T, DeBar L. Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Health Coach-Delivered Smartphone-Guided Self-Help with Standard Care for Adults with Binge Eating. Am J Psychiatry. 2020 Feb 1;177(2): 134-142. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19020184. PMID: 32008396. Use of Mobile Phone App Interventions to Promote Weight Loss: Meta-Analysis. Islam M, Poly T, Walther B, (Jack) Li Y JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8(7):e17039 URL: https://mhealth.jmir.org/2020/7/e17039 DOI: 10.2196/17039
  11. Chin SO, Keum C, Woo J, Park J, Choi HJ, Woo JT, Rhee SY. Successful weight reduction and maintenance by using a smartphone application in those with overweight and obesity. Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 7;6:34563. doi: 10.1038/srep34563. PMID: 27819345; PMCID: PMC5098151.
  12. Rivera J, McPherson A, Hamilton J, Birken C, Coons M, Iyer S, Agarwal A, Lalloo C, Stinson J
    Mobile Apps for Weight Management: A Scoping Review
    JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016;4(3):e87
    doi: 2196/mhealth.5115PMID: 27460502PMCID: 4978862
  13. How much does Noom Weight cost in 2023 (and what do you get)?
  14. Core Weight Loss Plan | WW UK (weightwatchers.com)
  15. Elizabeth V. Eikey and Madhu C. Reddy. 2017. "It's Definitely Been a Journey": A Qualitative Study on How Women with Eating Disorders Use Weight Loss Apps. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 642–654. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025591
  16. Jake Linardon, Mariel Messer My fitness pal usage in men: Associations with eating disorder symptoms and psychosocial impairment, Eating Behaviors, Volume 33,2019, Pages 13-17, ISSN 1471-0153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.02.003. 
  17. Hahn SL, Kaciroti N, Eisenberg D, Weeks HM, Bauer KW, Sonneville KR. Introducing Dietary Self-Monitoring to Undergraduate Women via a Calorie Counting App Has No Effect on Mental Health or Health Behaviors: Results From a Randomised Controlled Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Dec;121(12):2377-2388. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.311. Epub 2021 Aug 20. PMID: 34427188; PMCID: PMC9109125.
  18. Davenport T, Kalakota R. The potential for artificial intelligence in healthcare. Future Healthc J. 2019 Jun; 6(2): 94-98. doi: 10.7861/futurehosp.6-2-94. PMID: 31363513; PMCID: PMC6616181
  19. Our Science (joinzoe.com)
  20. Kelly JT, Collins PF, McCamley J, Ball L, Roberts S & Campbell KL (2021). Digital disruption of dietetics: are we ready? J Hum Nutr Diet. 34, 134-146. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12827

 

CAN PROBIOTICS INFLUENCE WEIGHT? by Elle Kelly, RD

  1. Cryan, J.F., O'Riordan, K.J., Cowan, C.S., Sandhu, K.V., Bastiaanssen, T.F., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M.G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A.V. and Guzzetta, K.E., 2019. The microbiota-gut-brain axis. Physiological reviews.
  2. Skonieczna-Żydecka, K., Marlicz, W., Misera, A., Koulaouzidis, A. and Łoniewski, I., 2018. Microbiome—the missing link in the gut-brain axis: focus on its role in gastrointestinal and mental health. Journal of clinical medicine, 7(12), p.521.
  3. Kobyliak, N., Conte, C., Cammarota, G., Haley, A.P., Styriak, I., Gaspar, L., Fusek, J., Rodrigo, L. and Kruzliak, P., 2016. Probiotics in prevention and treatment of obesity: a critical view. Nutrition & metabolism, 13(1), pp.1-13.
  4. Conlon, M.A. and Bird, A.R., 2014. The impact of diet and lifestyle on gut microbiota and human health. Nutrients, 7(1), pp.17-44
  5. Thursby, E. and Juge, N., 2017. Introduction fo the human gut flora. Biochem J, 474(11), pp.1823-1836.
  6. Donaldson, G.P., Lee, S.M. and Mazmanian, S.K., 2016. Gut biogeography of the bacterial microbiota. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 14(1), pp.20-32.
  7. Kobyliak, N., Conte, C., Cammarota, G., Haley, A.P., Styriak, I., Gaspar, L., Fusek, J., Rodrigo, L. and Kruzliak, P., 2016. Probiotics in prevention and treatment of obesity: a critical view. Nutrition & metabolism, 13(1), pp.1-13.
  8. Singh, R.K., Chang, H.W., Yan, D.I., Lee, K.M., Ucmak, D., Wong, K., Abrouk, M., Farahnik, B., Nakamura, M., Zhu, T.H. and Bhutani, T., 2017. Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health. Journal of translational medicine, 15(1), pp.1-17.
  9. Davis, C.D., 2016. The gut microbiome and its role in obesity. Nutrition today, 51(4), p.167.
  10. Muscogiuri, G., Cantone, E., Cassarano, S., Tuccinardi, D., Barrea, L., Savastano, S., Colao, A. and Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) group, 2019.
  11. Le Chatelier, E., Nielsen, T., Qin, J., Prifti, E., Hildebrand, F., Falony, G., Almeida, M., Arumugam, M., Batto, J.M., Kennedy, S. and Leonard, P., 2013. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers. Nature, 500(7464), pp.541-546.Gut microbiota: a new path to treat obesity. International journal of obesity supplements, 9(1), pp.10-19
  12. Turnbaugh, P.J., Ridaura, V.K., Faith, J.J., Rey, F.E., Knight, R. and Gordon, J.I., 2009. The effect of diet on the human gut microbiome: a metagenomic analysis in humanized gnotobiotic mice. Science translational medicine, 1(6), pp.6ra14-6ra14.
  13. Ley, R.E., Turnbaugh, P.J., Klein, S. and Gordon, J.I., 2006. Human gut microbes associated with obesity. nature, 444(7122), pp.1022-1023.
  14. Angelakis, E., Armougom, F., Million, M. and Raoult, D., 2012. The relationship between gut microbiota and weight gain in humans. Future microbiology, 7(1), pp.91-109.
  15. Moreno‐Navarrete, J.M., Serino, M., Blasco‐Baque, V., Azalbert, V., Barton, R.H., Cardellini, M., Latorre, J., Ortega, F., Sabater‐Masdeu, M., Burcelin, R. and Dumas, M.E., 2018. Gut microbiota interacts with markers of adipose tissue browning, insulin action and plasma acetate in morbid obesity. Molecular nutrition & food research, 62(3), p.1700721.
  16. Parekh, P.J., Arusi, E., Vinik, A.I. and Johnson, D.A., 2014. The role and influence of gut microbiota in pathogenesis and management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in endocrinology, 5, p.47.
  17. den Besten, G., Gerding, A., van Dijk, T.H., Ciapaite, J., Bleeker, A., van Eunen, K., Havinga, R., Groen, A.K., Reijngoud, D.J. and Bakker, B.M., 2015. Protection against the metabolic syndrome by guar gum-derived short-chain fatty acids depends on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and glucagon-like peptide-1. PLoS One, 10(8), p.e0136364.
  18. Anachad, O., Taouil, A., Taha, W., Bennis, F. and Chegdani, F., 2023. the implication of short-chain Fatty acids in Obesity and Diabetes. Microbiology Insights, 16, p.11786361231162720.
  19. Cronin, P., Joyce, S.A., O’Toole, P.W. and O’Connor, E.M., 2021. Dietary fibre modulates the gut microbiota. Nutrients, 13(5), p.1655.
  20. Rocha-Gomes, A., Silva, J.D., Morais, T.A., da Costa Ferreira, A.R., Costa, V.C., Teixeira, A.E., Lessa, M.R., da Silva, A.A., Dessimoni-Pinto, N.A.V. and Riul, T.R., 2020. High-fat diets are detrimental of the lipid profile, glucose metabolism and body composition of Wistar rats: the role of fatty acid type and consumption duration. Nutrition & Food Science, 51(5), pp.781-791.
  21. De la Cuesta-Zuluaga, J., Mueller, N.T., Álvarez-Quintero, R., Velásquez-Mejía, E.P., Sierra, J.A., Corrales-Agudelo, V., Carmona, J.A., Abad, J.M. and Escobar, J.S., 2018. Higher fecal short-chain fatty acid levels are associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, obesity, hypertension and cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Nutrients, 11(1), p.51.
  22. Kim, K.N., Yao, Y. and Ju, S.Y., 2019. Short chain fatty acids and fecal microbiota abundance in humans with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 11(10), p.2512
  23. Bentsen, H. (2017). Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, brain function and mental health. Microbial ecology in health and disease, 28(sup1), 1281916.
  24. Agregán, R., Popova, T., López-Pedrouso, M., Cantalapiedra, J., Lorenzo, J.M. and Franco, D., 2022. Fatty acids. In Food Lipids(pp. 257-286). Academic Press.
  25. Rahat-Rozenbloom, S., Fernandes, J., Gloor, G.B. and Wolever, T.M., 2014. Evidence for greater production of colonic short-chain fatty acids in overweight than lean humans. International journal of obesity, 38(12), pp.1525-1531.
  26. Schwiertz, A., Taras, D., Schäfer, K., Beijer, S., Bos, N.A., Donus, C. and Hardt, P.D., 2010. Microbiota and SCFA in lean and overweight healthy subjects. Obesity, 18(1), pp.190-195.
  27. Duncan, S.H., Hold, G.L., Barcenilla, A., Stewart, C.S. and Flint, H.J., 2002. Roseburia intestinalis sp. nov., a novel saccharolytic, butyrate-producing bacterium from human faeces. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 52(5), pp.1615-1620.
  28. Pryde, S.E., Duncan, S.H., Hold, G.L., Stewart, C.S. and Flint, H.J., 2002. The microbiology of butyrate formation in the human colon. FEMS microbiology letters, 217(2), pp.133-139.
  29. Kim, K.N., Yao, Y. and Ju, S.Y., 2019. Short chain fatty acids and fecal microbiota abundance in humans with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 11(10), p.2512.
  30. Barczyńska, R., Litwin, M., Sliżewska, K., Szalecki, M., Berdowska, A., Bandurska, K., Libudzisz, Z. and Kapuśniak, J., 2018. Bacterial microbiota and fatty acids in the faeces of overweight and obese children. Polish Journal of Microbiology, 67(3), pp.339-345.
  31. FAO, A.J., 2001. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotics in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. 2001;[updated 1-4 October 2001].
  32. Mozaffarian, D., Hao, T., Rimm, E.B., Willett, W.C. and Hu, F.B., 2011. Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men. New England journal of medicine, 364(25), pp.2392-2404.
  33. Santiago, S., Sayón-Orea, C., Babio, N., Ruiz-Canela, M., Martí, A., Corella, D., Estruch, R., Fitó, M., Aros, F., Ros, E. and Gómez-García, E., 2016. Yogurt consumption and abdominal obesity reversion in the PREDIMED study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 26(6), pp.468-475.
  34. Yuan, M., Singer, M.R., Pickering, R.T. and Moore, L.L., 2022. Saturated fat from dairy sources is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in the Framingham Offspring Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 116(6), pp.1682-1692.
  35. Duarte, C., Boccardi, V., Amaro Andrade, P., Souza Lopes, A.C. and Jacques, P.F., 2021. Dairy versus other saturated fats source and cardiometabolic risk markers: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 61(3), pp.450-461.
  36. Unger, A.L., Torres-Gonzalez, M. and Kraft, J., 2019. Dairy fat consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome: an examination of the saturated fatty acids in dairy. Nutrients, 11(9), p.2200.
  37. Sanchez, M., Darimont, C., Drapeau, V., Emady-Azar, S., Lepage, M., Rezzonico, E., Ngom-Bru, C., Berger, B., Philippe, L., Ammon-Zuffrey, C. and Leone, P., 2014. Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CGMCC1. 3724 supplementation on weight loss and maintenance in obese men and women. British Journal of Nutrition, 111(8), pp.1507-1519.
  38. Sanchez, M., Darimont, C., Panahi, S., Drapeau, V., Marette, A., Taylor, V.H., Doré, J. and Tremblay, A., 2017. Effects of a diet-based weight-reducing program with probiotic supplementation on satiety efficiency, eating behaviour traits, and psychosocial behaviours in obese individuals. Nutrients, 9(3), p.284.
  39. Floch, M.H., 2015. Gender in probiotic use. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 49(2), pp.93-94.
  40. Kondo, S., Xiao, J.Z., Satoh, T., Odamaki, T., Takahashi, S., Sugahara, H., Yaeshima, T., Iwatsuki, K., Kamei, A. and Abe, K., 2010. Antiobesity effects of Bifidobacterium breve strain B-3 supplementation in a mouse model with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 74(8), pp.1656-1661.
  41. Sung, H.K., Youn, S.J., Choi, Y., Eun, S.W. and Shin, S.M., 2022. Body Fat Reduction Effect of Bifidobacterium breve B-3: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Comparative Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 15(1), p.28.
  42. Minami, J., Iwabuchi, N., Tanaka, M., Yamauchi, K., Xiao, J.Z., Abe, F. and Sakane, N., 2018. Effects of Bifidobacterium breve B-3 on body fat reductions in pre-obese adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health, 37(3), pp.67-75.
  43. Kadooka, Y., Sato, M., Imaizumi, K., Ogawa, A., Ikuyama, K., Akai, Y., Okano, M., Kagoshima, M. and Tsuchida, T., 2010. Regulation of abdominal adiposity by probiotics (Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055) in adults with obese tendencies in a randomized controlled trial. European journal of clinical nutrition, 64(6), pp.636-643.
  44. Kadooka, Y., Sato, M., Ogawa, A., Miyoshi, M., Uenishi, H., Ogawa, H., Ikuyama, K., Kagoshima, M. and Tsuchida, T., 2013. Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity in adults in a randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(9), pp.1696-1703.
  45. Hulston, C.J., Churnside, A.A. and Venables, M.C., 2015. Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects. British Journal of Nutrition, 113(4), pp.596-602.
  46. Osterberg, K.L., Boutagy, N.E., McMillan, R.P., Stevens, J.R., Frisard, M.I., Kavanaugh, J.W., Davy, B.M., Davy, K.P. and Hulver, M.W., 2015. Probiotic supplementation attenuates increases in body mass and fat mass during high‐fat diet in healthy young adults. Obesity, 23(12), pp.2364-2370

 

PROBIOTICS: SHOULD ALL INFANTS AND CHILDREN BE TAKING A PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENT? by Kelly Light, ANutr

  1. Hemarajata P and Versalovic J (2013). Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology, 6(1), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/1756283X12459294
  2. Pharma Intelligence (2022). Lack of knowledge about probiotics holding back UK supplements market. Available at: https://hbw.pharmaintelligence.informa.com/RS152576/Lack-Of-Knowledge-About-Probiotics-Holding-Back-UK-Supplements-Market (Accessed June 2023)
  3. Mordor Intelligence (2022). United Kingdom Probiotics Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2023 - 2028). Available at: https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/united-kingdom-probiotics-market. (Accessed June 2023)
  4. Coelho GDP, Ayres LFA, Barreto DS, Henriques BD, Prado MRMC, Passos CMD (2021). Acquisition of microbiota according to the type of birth: an integrative review. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem, 29, e3446. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518.8345.4466.3446
  5. Mitchell CM, Mazzoni C, Hogstrom L, Bryant A, Bergerat A, Cher A, Yassour M (2020). Delivery mode affects stability of early infant gut microbiota. Cell Reports Medicine, 1(9), 100156
  6. Kapourchali FR and Cresci GA (2020). Early‐Life gut microbiome – the importance of maternal and infant factors in its establishment. Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 35(3), 386-405
  7. Vacca M, Raspini B, Calabrese FM, Porri D, De Giuseppe R, Chieppa M and De Angelis M (2022). The establishment of the gut microbiota in one-year-aged infants: from birth to family food. European Journal of Nutrition, 61(5), 2517-2530
  8. Chassard C, de Wouters T and Lacroix C (2014). Probiotics tailored to the infant: a window of opportunity. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 26, 141-147
  9. Braegger C, Chmielewska A, Decsi T, Kolacek S, Mihatsch W, Moreno L and ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition (2011). Supplementation of infant formula with probiotics and/or prebiotics: a systematic review and comment by the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 52(2), 238-250
  10. Hasegawa K, Linnemann R W, Mansbach JM, Ajami NJ, Espinola JA, Fiechtner LG, Camargo Jr CA (2017). Household siblings and nasal and faecal microbiota in infants. Pediatrics International, 59(4), 473-481
  11. Sung V, Collett S, de Gooyer T, Hiscock H, Tang M, Wake M. Probiotics to Prevent or Treat Excessive Infant Crying: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2013;167(12):1150-1157. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2572
  12. Schreck Bird A, Gregory PJ, Jalloh MA, Risoldi Cochrane Z, Hein DJ. Probiotics for the Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Systematic Review. Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 2017;30(3):366-374. doi:10.1177/0897190016634516
  13. Harb T, Matsuyama M, David M, Hill RJ (2016). Infant colic – what works: a systematic review of interventions for breastfed infants. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 62(5), 668-686
  14. Dryl R and Szajewska H (2018). Probiotics for management of infantile colic: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Archives of medical science: AMS, 14(5), 1137-1143. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2017.66055
  15. Joseph A Mansfield, MSC USA and others, Comparative Probiotic Strain Efficacy in the Prevention of Eczema in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Military Medicine, Volume 179, Issue 6, June 2014, Pages 580-592, https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00546
  16. Li L, Han Z, Niu X, Zhang G, Jia Y, Zhang S, He C (2019). Probiotic supplementation for prevention of atopic dermatitis in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 20, 367-377
  17. Amalia N, Orchard D, Francis KL, King E (2020). Systematic review and meta‐analysis on the use of probiotic supplementation in pregnant mothers, breastfeeding mothers and infants for the prevention of atopic dermatitis in children. Australasian Journal of Dermatology, 61(2), e158-e173
  18. Johnston BC, Goldenberg JZ, Vandvik PO, Sun X and Guyatt GH (2011). Probiotics for the prevention of paediatric antibiotic‐associated diarrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11)
  19. Lau CS, Chamberlain RS (2016). Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of General Medicine, 27-37
  20. Dermyshi E, Wang Y, Yan C, Hong W, Qiu G, Gong X, Zhang T (2017). The ‘golden age’ of probiotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and observational studies in preterm infants. Neonatology, 112(1), 9-23
  21. van den Akker CH, Van Goudoever JB, Szajewska H, Embleton ND, Hojsak I, Reid D, Shamir R (2018). Probiotics for preterm infants: a strain-specific systematic review and network meta-analysis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 67(1), 103-122
  22. Merenstein D, Pot B, Leyer G, Ouwehand A C, Preidis GA, Elkins CA, Sanders ME (2023). Emerging issues in probiotic safety: 2023 perspectives. Gut microbes, 15(1), 2185034
  23. Kothari D, Patel S, Kim SK (2019). Probiotic supplements might not be universally-effective and safe: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 111, 537-547
  24. Navarro-Tapia E, Sebastiani G, Sailer S, Almeida Toledano L, Serra-Delgado M, García-Algar Ó, Andreu-Fernández V (2020). Probiotic supplementation during the perinatal and infant period: effects on gut dysbiosis and disease. Nutrients, 12(8), 2243

 

DIETITIANS’ ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON BLENDED DIET

Reference 1: https://iddsi.org/Framework

ESSENTIAL RESOURCES

The BDA Practice Toolkit (2021) provides detailed information regarding commencing BD, along with an example BD competency tool (5). www.bda.uk.com/uploads/assets/33331d33-21d4-47a5-bbb79142980766a7/FINAL-Practice-Toolkit-The-Use-of-Blended-Diet-with-Enteral-Feeding-Tubes-NOV-2021.pdf

Koglmeier J, Assecaira I, Banci E, De Koning B, Haiden N, Indrio F, Kastelijn W, Kennedy Dm Luque V, Norsa L, Verduci E & Sugar A. The use of Blended diets in Children with Enteral Feeding tubes: a Joint Position Paper of the ESPGHAN Committees of Allied Health Professionals and Nutrition.  Journal of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2023; 76(1) 109-117

British Journal of Nursing (2022). A multidisciplinary approach to providing blended diet within the acute setting. www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/gastrostomy-feeding/a-multidisciplinary-approach-to-providing-blended-diet-within-the-acute-setting/

Nestle Health Science Resources for Enteral Nutrition: https://www.nplushub.co.uk/medical-nutrition-areas/enteral_nutrition and https://www.nplushub.co.uk/medical-nutrition-areas/enteral-nutrition/blended-diet-webinars

 

WEANING BABIES BORN PREMATURELY: CONSIDERATIONS AND PRACTICAL TIPS by Ailsa McHardy, RD

  1. Premature Labour and Birth [Internet]. NHS Inform (2020). [Cited 6 June 2023.] Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/labour-and-birth/signs-of-labour/premature-labour-and-birth/
  2. Prematurity Statistics in the UK. [Internet.] Bliss (2023). [Cited 6 June 2023.] Available from: https://www.bliss.org.uk/research-campaigns/neonatal-care-statistics/prematurity-statistics-in-the-uk
  3. Birth Characteristics in England and Wales: 2021 [Internet.] Office of National Statistics. 2022. [Cited 6 June 2023.] Available from: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/bulletins/birthcharacteristicsinenglandandwales/2021)
  4. Preterm Birth [Internet]. World Health Organisation (2023). [Cited 6 June 2023.] Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth
  5. Multiple Births [Internet]. Bliss (2023). [cited 6 June 2023]. Available from: https://www.bliss.org.uk/parents/about-your-baby/multiple-birth
  6. Kumar P and Suresh G. Complications after Preterm Birth: An Overview for Emergency Physicians. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine. 2008; 9:191-199
  7. Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition [Internet]. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2020). [Cited 6 June 2023.] Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng154/chapter/Recommendations#indications-for-and-timing-of-neonatal-parenteral-nutrition
  8. Ziegler EE. Nutritional Challenges in Special Conditions and Diseases: Preterm and Low Birthweight Infants. In: Koletzko B. (ed): Pediatric Nutrition in Practice. Basel: Karger; 2008. p 200-203
  9. Treyvaud K and Brown SJ. Mental Health of Children and Parents after Very Preterm Birth. World Psychiatry. 2022; 21(1): 148-149
  10. Getting Started with Weaning [Internet]. Bliss (2023). [Cited 6 June 2023]. Available from: https://www.bliss.org.uk/parents/about-your-baby/feeding/weaning-your-premature-baby/getting-started-with-weaning
  11. Collard KJ. Iron Homeostasis in the Neonate. Paediatrics. 2009; 123(4):1208-16

MALNUTRITION AND CARING FOR THE VULNERABLE AT HOME by Katy Stuart, RD

  1. Malnutrition Task Force (2010). State of the Nation: older people and malnutrition in the UK today. https://www.malnutritiontaskforce.org.uk/sites/default/files/2021-10/State%20of%20the%20Nation%202020%20F%20revise.pdf
  2. Young L (2018). How to help an adult with eating and drinking. https://eatspeakthink.com/help-an-adult-with-eating-and-drinking/
  3. NHS online. How To Feed Someone You Care For. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/social-care-and-support-guide/practical-tips-if-you-care-for-someone/how-to-feed-someone-you-care-for/
  4. Malnutrition pathway. A Guide To Managing Adult Malnutrition In The Community (2021). https://www.malnutritionpathway.co.uk/library/presentation_complete.pdf
  5. UK Parliament (2020). Malnutrition and the NHS. https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2022-04-25/debates/9BA607B2-C2C7-4A70-B8C4-8BDC148B6BE9/MalnutritionAndTheNHS
  6. uk (2017). Helping older adults maintain a healthy diet. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/helping-older-people-maintain-a-healthy-diet-a-review-of-what-works/helping-older-people-maintain-a-healthy-diet-a-review-of-what-works
  7. The Caroline Walker Trust (2004). Eating well for older people. https://www.cwt.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/OlderPeople.pdf
  8. Age UK (2021). Our Impact Policy and Research. https://www.ageuk.org.uk/our-impact/policy-research/reaching-those-who-are-socially-excluded/
  9. Phillips MB, Foley AL, Barnard R, Isenring EA, Miller MD. Nutritional screening in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic literature review. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(3):440-9. PMID: 20805090
  10. BAPEN (2015). Malnutrition Self-Screening Tool. Available from: http://www.bapen.org.uk/screening-and-must/
  11. Nutrition and Hydration Week (2023). https://nutritionandhydrationweek.co.uk/
  12. Dementia UK (2023). https://www.dementiauk.org/about-dementia/dementia-information/what-is-dementia/?gclid=Cj0KCQjwyLGjBhDKARIsAFRNgW_3Jk8rRVdFeRRTRq1tFxdniFA3Eli-hXn_7uBrix3l-gVnZIOWleAaAuOmEALw_wcB
  13. UK (2021). The Voices of Our Aging Population: Living Longer Lives https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/ageing/articles/voicesofourageingpopulation/livinglongerlives#:~:text=The%20population%20of%20England%20and,the%20previous%20census%20in%202011.
  14. Alzheimer’s Society (2023). Eating and drinking. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/get-support/daily-living/eating-drinking
  15. Alzheimer’s Association (2023). Food and eating. https://www.alz.org/help-support/caregiving/daily-care/food-eating
  16. Wessex Care (2020). Nutritional advice when caring for a vulnerable adult https://wessexcare.com/news/56-nutritional-advice-when-caring-for-a-vulnerable-adult
  17. British Dietetics Association (2020). Malnutrition in older people. https://www.bda.uk.com/resource/malnutrition-in-older-people.html
  18. The Nutrition Society (2023). Dehydration in older people. https://www.nutrition.org.uk/life-stages/older-people/malnutrition-and-dehydration/dehydration-in-older-people/#:~:text=Age%2Drelated%20changes%20include%20a,is%20also%20a%20risk%20factor
  19. Age UK (2020). Eating and drinking well policy paper. https://www.ageuk.org.uk/globalassets/age-uk/documents/policy-positions/health-and-wellbeing/eating-and-drinking-well-policy-position-mar-2020.pdf
  20. National Council on Ageing (2021). How to stay hydrated for better health. https://www.ncoa.org/article/how-to-stay-hydrated-for-better-health
  21. The Older Specialist Group of The British Dietetic Association (2023). https://www.bda.uk.com/specialist-groups-and-branches/older-people-specialist-group.html

 

DIETARY INTERVENTIONS FOR ADULT ADHD - AN UPDATE ON THE RESEARCH by Harriet Drennan, RD

  1. Song, P., Zha, M., Yang, Q., Zhang, Y., Li, X., and Rudan, I. (2021) “The prevalence of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A global systematic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Global Health (11), 04009
  2. Poudineh, M., Parvin, S., Omidali, M., Nikzad, F., Fatemeh, M., Sadeghi, F., Rasouli, F., Nanbakhsh, S., and Olangian-Tehrani, S. (2023) “The Effects of Vitamin Therapy on ASH and ADHD: A Narrative Review” CNS and Neurological Disorders. (22), 5
  3. Cortese, S., and Ropper, A. (2020) “Pharmacologic treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder”. New England Journal of Medicine. 383, (11): 1050–1056
  4. Tas and Ulgen. (2023) “Understanding the ADHD-Gut Axis by Metabolic Network Analysis”. Metabolites 13 (5), 592
  5. Lange, K., Nakamura, Y., Reissmann, A. (2022) “Diet and food in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”. Journal of Future Foods.
  6. Patrick, R., and Ames, B. (2015) “Vitamin D and the omega-3 fatty acids control serotonin synthesis and action, part 2: relevance for ADHD, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and impulsive behavior”. National Library of Medicine (6), 2207-2222
  7. Breda, V., Cerqueira, R., Ceolin, G., Koning, E., Fabe, J., McDonald, A., Gomes, F., and Brietzke, E. (2022) “Is there a place for dietetic interventions in adult ADHD?” Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. (19), 20
  8. Bonvicini, C., Faraone, S., Scassellati, C. (2016) “Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic, pharmacogenetic and biochemical studies”. Molecular Psychiatry. 21 (7), 872-884
  9. Königs, A., and Kiliaan, A. (2016) “Critical appraisal of omega-3 fatty acids in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment”. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. (12), 1869-1882
  10. Borasio et al. (2023) “Associations between Dietary Intake, Blood Levels of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Reading Abilities in Children” Biomolecules (13), 2
  11. Hei, A and Sanahanbi, L. (2022) “DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid): A Biomolecule with Diverse Roles and Health Benefits.” Dietary Supplements - Challenges and Future Research (57)
  12. Chang, J., Su, K, Mondelli, V., Satyanarayanan, K., Yang, H., Chiang, Y., Chen, H., and Pariante, C. (2019) “High-dose eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) improves attention and vigilance in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and low endogenous EPA levels”. Translational Psychiatry 9 (1), 303
  13. Checa-Ros, A et al. (2019) “Early monitoring of fatty acid profile in children with attention deficit and/or hyperactivity disorder under treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids”. Minerva Pediatrics (4) 313-325
  14. Puri, B., and Martins, J. (2014)  “Which polyunsaturated fatty acids are active in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder receiving PUFA supplementation? A fatty acid validated meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials.” Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, (90), 179–189 
  15. Li, J., Pora, B., Dong, K., and Hasjim, J. (2021) “Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid and its bioavailability: A review”. Food Science & Nutrition.(9), 5229-5243
  16. Poulouse, S., Miller, M., and Shukitt-Hale, B. (2014) “Role of walnuts in maintaining brain health with age”. Journal of Nutrition (4), 561-566
  17. Pinar-Marti, A., Gignac, F., Fernandez-Barres, S., Romaguera, D., Sala-Vila, A., Lazaro, I., et al. (2023) “Effect of walnut consumption on neuropsychological development in healthy adolescents: a multi-school randomised controlled trial”. eClinical Medicine (59)
  18. Valls-Pedret, C., Sala-Vila, A., and Serra-Mir, L et al. (2015) “Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive decline: a randomised clinical trial”. JAMA International Medicine. (175), 1094-1103
  19. Raz, R., and Gabis, L. (2009) “Essential fatty acids and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder: a systemaitc review.” Developmental Medical Child Neurology. (51) 580-592
  20. Gao et al. (2023) “Probiotics for the treatment of depression and its comorbidities: A systemic review.” Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 1-25
  21. Décarie-Spain, L., Hayes, A., Lauer, L., and Kanoski, S. (2023) “The gut-brain axis and cognitive control: A role for the vagus nerve”. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
  22. Sittipo, P., Choi, J., Lee, S., and Lee, Y. (2022) “The function of gut microbiota in immune-related neurological disorders: a review”. Journal of Neuroinflammation. (19), 154
  23. Prehn-Kristensen, A., Zimmermann, A., Tittmann, L., Lieb, W., Schreiber, S., Baving, L., and Fischer, A. (2018) “Reduced microbiome alpha diversity in young patients with ADHD”. PLoS ONE (13)
  24. Wang, L., Yang, C., Kuo, H., Chou, W., Tsai, C., and Lee, S. (2022) “Effect of Bifidobacterium Bifidum on Clinical Characteristics and Gut Microbiota in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder”.  Journal of Personalised Medicine (2), 227
  25. Sepehrmanesh, Z., Shahzeidi, A., Mansournia, A.,  Mohammed, A., Amir, G., and  Afshin, A. (2023) “Clinical and metabolic reaction to probiotic supplement in children suffering attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial”. International Archives of Health Sciences (2) 90-96
  26. Thursby, E., and Juge, N. (2017) “Introduction to the human gut microbiota”. Biochemical Journal 474 (11), 1823–1836
  27. Sabir, M., Haussler, M., Mallick, S., Kaneko, I., Lucas, D., Haussler, C., Whitfield, G., and Jurutka, P. (2018)  “Optimal vitamin D spurs serotonin: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D represses serotonin reuptake transport (SERT) and degradation (MAO-A) gene expression in cultured rat serotonergic neuronal cell lines”. Genes and Nutrition 13
  28. Garcia-Serna, A., and Morales, E. (2020) “Neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal vitamin D in humans: systematic review and meta-analysis”. Molecules of Psychiatry (10), 2468-2481.
  29. Kotsi, E., Kotsi, E., and Perrea, D (2019) “Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a meta-analysis”. Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder (3), 221-232
  30. Dehbokri, N., Noorazar, G.; Ghaffari, A.; Mehdizadeh, G.; Sarbakhsh, P.; Ghaffary, S. (2019)
    “Effect of vitamin D treatment in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”. World Journal of Pediatrics (15), 78–84.
  31. Gan, J., Galer, P., and Ma., D et al. (2019) “The effect of vitamin D supplementation on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”. Psychopharmacology. (29), 670-687
  32. Hemamy, M., Pahlavani, N., Amanollahi, A., Islam, S., McVicar, J., Askari, G., and Malekahmadi, M. (2021) “The effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on the mental health status of attention-deficit hyperactive children: A randomized controlled trial”. BMC Psychiatry (21), 178
  33. Granero, R., Pardo-Garrido, A., Carpio-Toro, I., Ramírez-Coronel, A., Martínez-Suárez, P., Reivan-Ortiz, G., (2021) “The Role of Iron and Zinc in the Treatment of ADHD among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials”. Nutrients (13), 4059
  34. Ghanizadeh, A., and Berk, M. (2013) “Zinc for treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (67), 122–124
  35. Noocube (2023) Noocube’s Brain Productivity [online] available from <https://noocube.co.uk/> [6/6/23]
  36. Jongkees, B., Hommel, B., Kuhn, S., and Colzato, L. (2015) “Effect of tyrosine supplementation on clinical and healthy populations under stress or cognitive demands - A review”. Journal of Psychiatry Research (70), 50-57
  37. Mathar, D., Abdoust, M., Marrenbach, T., Tuzsus, D., and Peters, J. (2022) “The catecholamine precursor Tyrosine reduces autonomic arousal and decreases decision thresholds in reinforcement learning and temporal discounting”. PLoS Computer Biology (12), 18
  38. Shahajan, P., Razak, M., and Rajagopal, S. (2022) “Influence of Amino Acids on Autism and Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder”. Proteins Associated with Neurodevelopment Disorder. 257-276
  39. Lange, K., Nakamura, Y., and Reissmann, A. (2022) “Diet and food in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder”. Journal of Future Foods (2), 112-118
  40. Nimmo-Smith, V., Merwood, A., Hank, D., Brandling, J., Greenwood, R., Skinner, L., Law, S., Patel, V., and Rai, D. (2020) “Non-pharmacological interventions for adult ADHD: a systematic review.” Psychology Medicine (4), 529-541

 

NUT NUTRITION by Farihah Choudhury, ANutr

  1. BBC News (2019) A bit of meat, a lot of veg - the flexitarian diet to feed 10bn [Available: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-46865204]
  2. EAT-Lancet Commission (2020). Diets for a Better Future G20 National Dietary Guidelines.
  3. British Nutrition Foundation (2022). Go Nuts for Nuts! (Blog) [Available: https://www.nutrition.org.uk/news/2022/go-nuts-for-nuts/]
  4. International Nut & Dried Fruit Council (2016) Nuts & dried fruits: Statistical yearbook 2016/2017. [Available: https://www.nutfruit.org/consumers/news/detail/statistical-yearbook-2016-17]
  5. Martini D, Godos J, Marventano S, Tieri M, Ghelfi F, Titta L, Lafranconi A, Trigueiro H, Gambera A, Alonzo E, Sciacca S, Buscemi S, Ray S, Galvano F, Del Rio D, Grosso G. Nut and legume consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Nov;72(7):871-878. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1880554. Epub 2021 Feb 4. PMID: 33541169.
  6. Dikariyanto, V., Berry, S., Pot, G., Francis, L., Smith, L., & Hall, W. (2020). Tree nut snack consumption is associated with better diet quality and CVD risk in the UK adult population: National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2008–2014. Public Health Nutrition, 1-10. doi:10.1017/S1368980019003914
  7. Eslami, O, Shidfar, F., Dehnad, A. (2019). Inverse association of long-term nut consumption with weight gain and risk of overweight/obesity: a systematic review. Nutrition Research, Volume 68, 1-8
  8. Mayhew, A., De Souza, R., Meyre, D., Anand, S., & Mente, A. (2016). A systematic review and meta-analysis of nut consumption and incident risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(2), 212-225. doi:10.1017/S0007114515004316
  9. De Souza, R.G.M., Schincaglia, R.M., Pimentel, G.D., Mota, J.F. (2017) Nuts and Human Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 9, 1311.
  10. Luo, C., Zhang, Y., Ding, Y., Shan, Z., Chen, S., Yu, M., Hu, F.B., Liu, L. (2014) Nut consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 100, Issue 1, 256–269, https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.076109
  11. Aune, D., Keum, N., Giovannucci, E. et al. (2016) Nut consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMC Med 14, 207. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0730-3
  12. Dikariyanto, V., Berry, S., Pot, G., Francis, L., Smith, L., & Hall, W. (2020). Tree nut snack consumption is associated with better diet quality and CVD risk in the UK adult population: National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2008–2014. Public Health Nutrition, 1-10. doi:10.1017/S1368980019003914
  13. Fitzgerald, E., Lambert, K., Stanford, J., & Neale, E. (2021). Fitzgerald E, Lambert K, Stanford J, Neale EP. The effect of nut consumption (tree nuts and peanuts) on the gut microbiota of humans: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2021 Mar 14;125(5):508-520. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520002925. Epub 2020 Jul 27. PMID: 32713355.
  14. Wu L, Wang Z, Zhu J, Murad AL, Prokop LJ, Murad MH (2015). Nut consumption and risk of cancer and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition Reviews, Volume 73, Issue 7 409-425, https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv006
  15. McCance and Widdowson’s The Composition of Foods Integrated Dataset 2021 (2021) [Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/composition-of-foods-integrated-dataset-cofid]
  16. British Nutrition Foundation (2018) Fibre [Available: https://www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/basics/fibre.html]
  17. NHS (2020) Eatwell Guide [Available: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/]
  18. Allergy UK (2020) Statistics [Available: https://www.allergyuk.org/information-and-advice/statistics]
  19. Brough, H. A., Turner, P. J., Wright, T., Fox, A. T., Taylor, S. L., Warner, J. O. and Lack, G. (2015) Clinical & Experimental Allergy, (45) 859– 871.
  20. BBC News (2019) Easyjet bans nuts on all flights to protect passengers [Available: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-48041464]
  21. BBC News (2004) Schools become 'nut-free zones' [Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/3682659.stm]
  22. BBC News (2017) Should we ban nuts in public places? [Available: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-41017657]
  23. BBC News (2014) Why are almonds so expensive? [Available: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-26118225]
  24. Food Foundation (May 2023) Available: https://www.foodfoundation.org.uk/news/food-prices-tracker-may-2023
  25. Children’s Food Campaign, Food Active & Sustain (2020). Pester Power or Parent Power? [Available: https://www.sustainweb.org/publications/pester_power_or_parent_power/]
  26. co.uk (May 31 2023) Available: https://inews.co.uk/news/world/australia-new-zealand-trade-deals-cheap-macadamia-nuts-wine-supermarket-post-brexit-2378085?ITO=msn
  27. Eat Them To Defeat Them campaign. https://eatthemtodefeatthem.com

 

THE LAST WORD by Fareeha Jay, RD

  1. World Health Organisation (2023) Dementia. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia
  2. Blakemore A, Kenning C, Mirza N, Daker-White G, Panagioti M and Waheed W (2018). Dementia in UK South Asians: a scoping review of the literatures. BMJ Open. Available at: doi:1136/bmjopen-2017-020290
  3. Bhatnagar K and Frank J (1999). Psychiatric disorders in elderly from the Indian sub-continent living in Bradford. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, p 907-912. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199709)12:9%3C907::AID-GPS661%3E3.0.CO;2-8
  4. Palaniappan L, Garg A, Enas E, Lewis H, Bari S, Gulati M, Flores C, Mathur A, Molina C, Narula J, Rahman S, Leng J and Gany F (2018). South Asian Cardiovascular Disease & Cancer Risk: Genetics & Pathophysiology. Journal of community health, p 1100-1114. Available at: Doi: 1007/s10900-018-0527-8
  5. NICE (2022). NICE Dementia: What are the risk factors? Available at: https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/dementia/background-information/risk-factors/
  6. Mukadam N, Marston L, Lewis G, Mathur R, Rait G and Livingstone (2022). Incidence, age at diagnosis and survival with dementia across ethnic groups in England: A longitudinal study using electronic health records. Alzheimer’s and Dementia, p 1300-1307. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12774
  7. Jutlla K (2011). Caring for a person with dementia: a qualitative study of the experiences of the Sikh community in Wolverhampton. Available at: https://drjutlla.com/caring-for-a-person-with-dementia-a-qualitative-study-of-the-experiences-of-the-sikh-community-in-wolverhampton-phd-thesis/
  8. Bunn DK, Abdelhamid A, Copley M, Cowap V, Dickinson A, Howe A, Killett A, Poland F, Potter JF and Richardson K (2016). Effectiveness of interventions to indirectly support food and drink intake in people with dementia: Eating and Drinking Well IN dementia (EDWINA) systematic review. BMC Geriatr. Available at: doi: 10.1186/s12877-016-0256-8
  9. NICE (2022). Enteral (tube) Feeding for People Living with Severe Dementia. Dementia Assessment, Management and Support for People Living with Dementia and Their Carers. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng97/resources/dementia-assessment-management-and-support-for-people-living-with-dementia-and-their-carers-pdf-6289091959237
  10. NDR-UK (2023). Eating Well with Dementia. A guide for carers. Available at: https://www.ndr-uk.org/item/19/Dementia/Eating-Well-with-Dementia
  11. Carers UK (2021). Eating Well with Dementia. Available at: https://www.carersuk.org/media/zusbmmki/carers-uk-dementia-booklet-2021-1.pdf
  12. AGE UK (2019). Eating and Drinking Well with Dementia. A guide for family carers and friends, Available at: https://www.ageuk.org.uk/bp-assets/contentassets/2d42698f64294f3993e75b378eb3292a/eating-and-drinking-well-carers-guide.pdf
  13. Sirona (2022). Nutrition and dementia. A guide for carers. Available at : https://www.sirona-cic.org.uk/advice-information/leaflet-library/nutrition-and-dietetics/leaflet-nutrition-and-dementia/
  14. Alzheimer’s Society (2023). Dementia information in your language. Available at: https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/get-support/publications-factsheets/accessible-resources/information-in-your-language
  15. Blakemore A, Kenning C, Mirza N, Daker-White G, Panagioti M and Waheed W (2018). Dementia in UK South Asians: a scoping review of the literatures. BMJ Open. Available at: doi:1136/bmjopen-2017-020290
  16. Kenning C, Daker-White G, Blakemore A, Panagioti M and Waheed W (2017). Barriers and facilitators in accessing dementia care by ethnic minority groups: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. BMC Psychiatry. Available at: https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-017-1474-0 (Accessed: 25 June 2023)
  17. Race Equality Foundation (2022). New toolkit launched to improve dementia care for South Asian people. Available at : https://raceequalityfoundation.org.uk/press-release/new-toolkit-launched-to-improve-dementia-care-for-south-asian-people/
  18. Parveen S, Blakey H and Oyebode J (2018). Evaluation of a carers information programme culturally adapted for South Asian families. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Available at: doi: 10.1002/gps.4768